America's Secret Power by Loch K. Johnson

Over the course of the book, a fundamental question comes into focus: Of what value has the Third Option been to the US as a complement to the nation's more open battlefield and diplomatic initiatives? Just as importantly, Johnson exposes the conflict between this controversial approach to achieving America's international objectives and the ideals that the US has always propounded: democracy, human rights, and liberalism. In particular, he focuses on the morality and consequences of America's heavily veiled attempts to shape global affairs through its covert actions. In The Third Option, the eminent national security scholar Loch Johnson provides a history of American covert warfare from 1947 to the present. From the beginning of the Cold War to the present day, America's intelligence and national security agencies have employed all of these 'third option' tools in order to advance America's global interests.

This controversial approach includes covert propaganda campaigns, subversive political activities, economic sabotage, and paramilitary operations ranging from clandestine warfare to the assassination of foreign leaders. Ever since the creation of the Central Intelligence Agency in 1947, the US has often turned to the third option in the conduct of its international relations. Within the category of Spy Power is the 'Third Option' the use of covert action.

The three major instruments that guide United States foreign policy are the Treaty Power, the War Power, and the Spy Power. Loch Johnson's new book explores the subject of covert action, often referred to as a 'Third Option' between America's use of diplomacy and warfare-a shadowy approach to international affairs based on the controversial use of secret propaganda, political activities, economic sabotage, and paramilitary operations (whether clandestine warfare or assassinations).

America's Secret Power by Loch K. Johnson